Kamis, 13 Januari 2011

daily conversation

Pengantar:

Kita sedang duduk bersama teman2,,,tiba2 ballpoint kita terjatuh dilantai, kita ingin minta bantuan teman terdekat untuk mengambilkan ballpoint itu.  Dlm bhasa inggris kita cukup ucapkan

" DON'T YOU MIND"

sambil kita memberi isyarat ke teman kita dan menunjuk ke ballpoint di lantai itu,,

"DON'T YOU MIND" Arti bebasnya kira2 "Tolong dong" - ini karena kita sedang duduk2 dngn teman2,,jd tdk perlu terlalu sopan

by Noldi

Selasa, 21 Desember 2010

Conversation (cont'd)

rira_pu (20/12/2010 12:49:57): Ngobrol yuk sdikit pake b.inggris
Denish-a (20/12/2010 12:50:15): why? - kenapa
rira_pu (20/12/2010 12:50:48): Coz i'd like to post it in my blog - mau gue post di blog
rira_pu (20/12/2010 12:50:56): Deal? - Okay?
Denish-a (20/12/2010 12:51:23): i'll try - gue coba deh
rira_pu (20/12/2010 12:51:31): Yuhuu
rira_pu (20/12/2010 12:51:44): Table a topic - ambil topic
rira_pu (20/12/2010 12:52:02): Juz make it short - buat yang singkat aja
Denish-a (20/12/2010 12:52:24): mmmm
rira_pu (20/12/2010 12:53:49): Your xmas plan - rencana lo buat natal
rira_pu (20/12/2010 12:53:53): How? - Gimana?
Denish-a (20/12/2010 12:54:17): I need money - gue butuh uang
rira_pu (20/12/2010 12:54:33): What for? - Buat??
rira_pu (20/12/2010 12:54:52): R u going somewhere? - Mau pergi?
Denish-a (20/12/2010 12:55:05): yes
Denish-a (20/12/2010 12:55:48): I wanna see Indonesian football, AFF final in GBK - pengen liat sepakbola indonesia,  final AFF di GKB
rira_pu (20/12/2010 12:56:06): Geezzz
Denish-a (20/12/2010 12:56:08): wanna buy a ticket - pengen beli tiket
Denish-a (20/12/2010 12:56:20): its so expensive - mahal banget
rira_pu (20/12/2010 12:56:37): How much? - Berapa?
Denish-a (20/12/2010 12:57:19): 300, transport included - 300 sama transport
rira_pu (20/12/2010 12:58:35): Owowow, ask your mama, as a xmas present - minta mama buat kado natal
rira_pu (20/12/2010 12:59:03): Or use your saving - atau pake uang tabungan
Denish-a (20/12/2010 13:02:21): I did, but I’ve used to buy some chlotes - udqh, tapi udah dipake buat beli baju
rira_pu (20/12/2010 13:05:12): Waaa... that's your choice. U prefer having new clothes rather than see the gorgeous irfan bachdin - waa… pilihan lo. Lo lebih pilih punya baju baru daripada liat si ganteng irfan bachdin
Denish-a (20/12/2010 13:07:16): no planned berfore - nggak ada rencana tadinya
Denish-a (20/12/2010 13:08:34): my friends ask me to wacht it - temen gue ngajak nonton
rira_pu (20/12/2010 13:09:10): Then… she’s suppose to pay for you - terus… dia harusnya traktir lo
Denish-a (20/12/2010 13:09:36): no
Denish-a (20/12/2010 13:10:14): I really wanna see the game - gue pengen banget nonton
Denish-a (20/12/2010 13:10:43): i wanna go there with my friends - gue pengen pergi sama temen temen
Denish-a (20/12/2010 13:11:15): i think we’re gonna be so happy - kayaknya kita bakal seneng banget
rira_pu (20/12/2010 13:11:47): Yea it's gonna be so much fun - yaa, bakal menyenangkan
rira_pu (20/12/2010 13:12:29): U still have few days to go, there must be something u can do - lo masih punya beberapa hari, pasti ada yang bisa dilakuin
rira_pu (20/12/2010 13:12:55): Sell your stuff - jual barang lo
rira_pu (20/12/2010 13:13:14): Or borrow money - atau pinjam uang
Denish-a (20/12/2010 13:13:30): i want to borrow - gue mau pinjem
rira_pu (20/12/2010 13:13:49): To whom? - Ke siapa?
Denish-a (20/12/2010 13:14:04): I don't know - nggak tau
Denish-a (20/12/2010 13:14:47): hahahha
rira_pu (20/12/2010 13:15:08): Hmm
Denish-a (20/12/2010 13:25:34): have u got lunch? - Udah makan siang?
rira_pu (20/12/2010 13:27:14): Not yet - belum
rira_pu (20/12/2010 13:27:23): I'm not hungry - nggak laper
Denish-a (20/12/2010 13:27:40): hmm
rira_pu (20/12/2010 13:45:25): What u got for lunch? - Makan apa?
Denish-a (20/12/2010 13:45:48): rice - nasi
Denish-a (20/12/2010 13:46:02): LOL (laughing out loudly – ngakak)
rira_pu (20/12/2010 13:46:10): LOL
rira_pu (20/12/2010 13:46:14): Dodol
Denish-a (20/12/2010 13:46:33): not dodol bur rice - bukan dodol tapi nasi
Denish-a (20/12/2010 13:46:35): LOL
rira_pu (20/12/2010 13:47:46): whatever - terserah

conversation

Teman semua, mungkin kalo basic grammar udah di post di awal yahh... itu pegangan buat pelajaran sekolah yang memang baku grammar. Buat those of you (kamu kamu) yang mau belajar conversation english (percakapan) bisa dimulai dengan short conversation yang biasa dipake sehari hari.

Percakapan mama sama anaknya pagi pagi...

mama: wake up!! you're gonna be late.
son: hoaammm.... it's postponed to 1 pm (the class)
mama: really?? don't try to fool me.
son: I don't, mama... why don't u trust your own son?
mama: could you give me your school number? I just wanna make sure.
son: u should've had.

translation

mama: bangun!! nanti lo telat.
son: hoaammm... kelasnya ditunda jadi jam 1
mama: masa?? jangan bohong deh
son nggak mah... kenapa nggak percaya anak sendiri sih?
mama: mana no telp sekolah? cuma pengen mastiin.
son: harusnya mama udah punya.

ketemu temen di jalan

jono: hi
jini: good morning (met pagi)
jono: how are you? (apa kabar?)
jini: good and you? (baik,,, kamu?)
jono: i'm good too (gue baik juga)
jini: see you (sampe ketemu)
jono: bye (dahh)

Selasa, 14 Desember 2010

English basic grammar

Hi hi………
Aku mau berbagi nih catatan B. Inggris aku sejak pertama dan sekali sekalinya les grammar selama setahun kira kira sekitar 13 th yg lalu. Singkat sih, dan dasar banget tapi kata temen aku kita emang cuma perlu belajar yang dasar aja, setelah itu elaborate sendiri. Ini catatan yg jadi pegangan sampe aku lulus kuliah, berguna dan mudah dimengerti hehe… semoga berguna……. ;D
Oh yaa… kalau mau ngelancarin pronounce (lafal biar lidahnya nggak keseleo trus bisa dikit2 kaya bule) dan memperkaya vocab, sering2 denger lagu B. Inggris yang easy listening sambil dinyanyiin, kaya lagu2 westlife jaman dulu. ;D
Oh yaa lagi… hehe aku suka gambar dan nulis, kalau sempat visit my blog yah. Here’s the address http://seni-gambar-cerita-ratipramita.blogspot.com dan http://cerita-pendek-ratipramita.blogspot.com
Subject
Subject as :


Object
Pronoun
Adject.
To be present
To be past
Perfect Tense


I
me
mine
my
am
was
have

A
You
you
yours
your
are
were
have
We
us
ours
our
are
were
have
They
them
theirs
their
are
were
have
He
him
his
his
is
was
has

B
She
her
hers
her
is
was
has

It
it
its
its
is
was
has

* pronoun digunakan untuk menyebut kepemilikan tanpa diikuti benda. Contoh: this is mine (ini milikku)

A. Present Tense
A.1 Simple Present Tense (saat ini/kebiasaan)
• Kata bantu untuk subject category “A” adalah “do” ( digunakan pada kalimat negative (-) dan interogative (?) )
• Kata bantu untuk subject category “B” adalah “does” ( digunakan pada kalimat negative (-) dan interogative (?) )
• Kalimat positive pada kategory “B”, selalu ditambah s/es setelah verb (kata kerja) 

Example: 
A : (+) I work fulltime during weekdays
      (-) I do not work fulltime during weekdays
      (?) Do you work fulltime during weekdays?

B : (+) He works fulltime during weekdays
      (-) He does not work fulltime during weekdays
      (?) Does he work fulltime during weekdays?

A.2 Simple Present Continuous Tense ( sedang terjadi)
• Verb pada Simple Present Continuous Tense selalu ditambah –ing
• To be digunakan setelah subject, to be bisa dilihat di table pada kolom “to be present”

Example:
A : (+) You are watching TV 
      (-) You are not watching TV 
      (?) Are you watching TV?

B : {+) She is watching TV 
(-) She is not watching TV 
(?) Is she watching TV?

C : {+) I am watching TV 
      (-) I am not watching TV 
      (?) Am I watching TV?

A.3 Present Perfect Tense (sudah selesai dilakukan)
• Kata bantu yang digunakan lihat di tabel kolom “perfect tense”
• Pada present tense jenis ini, gunakan verb-3
• Pola dasar kalimatnya sendiri “subject+kata bantu+verb3”

Example:
(+) She has gone to school 
(-) She has not gone to school
(?) Has she gone to school?

A.4 Present Perfect Continuous Tense (sudah terjadi dan masih berlangsung)
• Kata bantu yang digunakan lehat di tabel kolom “perfect tense”
• Ditambah “been” setelah kata bantu have/has
• Tambahkan –ing setelah verb

Example: 
(+) We have been waiting here for two hours
(-) We have not been waiting here for two hours
(?) Have we been waiting here for two hours?

B. Past Tense
B.1 Simple Past Tense (lampau)
• Kalimat posotive dalam simple past tense menggunakan verb-2
• Ada verb yang beraturan, ada yang tidak (verb yang tidak beraturan bisa dilihat di kamus kamus B. Inggris atau biasanya tersedia di toko buku, atau yang lebih mudah bisa browsing di internet.
• Verb yang beraturan hanya perlu ditambah”-ed” pada bentuk lampau (Verb-2 dan verb-3)

Example: 
Verb beraturan: (+) I worked all days last week
(-) I did not work all days last week
(?) Did you work all days last week?

Verb tidak beraturan: (+) They saw me last night
(-) They did not see me last night
(?) Did they see me last night?

B.2 Past Continuous Tense ( lampau dan sedang berlangsung saat itu)
• Verb pada Past Continuous Tense selalu ditambah –ing
• To be digunakan setelah subject, to be bisa dilihat di table pada kolom “to be past”

Example:
{+) I was reading
(-) I was not reading 
(?) Were you reading?

B.3 Past Perfect Tense (lampau dan sudah selesai dilakukan)
• Kata bantu yang digunakan adalah “had” pada semua subjects
• Pada present tense jenis ini, gunakan verb-3
• Pola dasar kalimatnya sendiri “subject+kata bantu+verb3”

Example:
(+) She had come when I was there 
(-)She had not come when I was there
(?) Had she come when I was there?

B.4 Past Perfect Continuous Tense 
• Kata bantu yang digunakan adalah “had” pada semua subjects
• Ditambah “been” setelah kata bantu have/has
• Tambahkan –ing setelah verb

Example: 
(+) She had been waiting when you came
(-) She had not been waiting when you came
(?) Had she been waiting when you came?

C. Future Tense
C.1 Future Tense (akan terjadi)
• Tambahkan “will” setelah subject

Example: 
(+) I will go
(-) I will not go
(?) will you go?

Untuk hal yang pasti akan dilakukan bisa gunakan to be going to atau disingkat to be gonna
(+) I am going to go
(-) I am not going to go
(?) Are you going to go?

C.2 Future Continuous Tense ( akan sedang berlangsung)
• Verb pada Future Continuous Tense selalu ditambah –ing
• Tambahkan “will” setelah subject Tambahkan “will + be” setelah subject

Example:
{+) She will be missing you
(-) She will not be missing you
(?) Will she be missing you?

C.3 Future Perfect Tense 
• Tambahkan “will + have” setelah subject
• Pada present tense jenis ini, gunakan verb-3
• Pola dasar kalimatnya sendiri “subject+will+have+verb3”

Example:
(+) He will have finished it tomorrow 
(-) He will not have finished it tomorrow
(?) Will he have finished it tomorrow?

C.4 Future Perfect Continuous Tense
• Kata bantu yang digunakan adalah “will+have” pada semua subjects
• Ditambah “been” setelah kata bantu have
• Tambahkan –ing setelah verb

Example: 
(+) I will have been studying when you come
(-) I will not have been studying when you come
(?) Will you have been studying when I come?


Question Tag (penegasan  …….., kan?)

• Kalimat ditegaskan dengan tense yang berlawana.

Example:
=> You do not write it, do you? (kamu nggak nulis kan??)
=> She works hard, doesn’t she? (dia kerja keras kan??)
=> I am not reading, am I?
Pengecualian -> I am doing my job, aren’t I? (to be di ganti dengan are untuk subject I dalam kalimat positive dan ditegaskan dengan kalimat negative)

Adj Clause

• That -> kata sambung untuk semua
• Who -> kata sambung untuk subject
• Whom -> kata sambung untuk object
• Whose -> kata sambung untuk kepemilikan
• Which -> kata sambung untuk benda

Example:
 I saw the man, he bought a newspaper => I saw the man who bought a newspaper
 I like the woman, I met her last night => I like the woman whom I met last night
 I apologize to the woman, I spilled her coffee => I aplogize to the woman whose coffee I spilled
 The book is good, I have read it => The book which I have read is good

Direct and Indirect Speech (kalimat langsung dan tak langsung)

 Untuk direct – indirect speech, aku agak bingung ngejelasinnya. Jadi yukk.. kita lihat contoh aja langsung…
 Kuncinya, tenses direct yang diubah ke indirect speech naik satu tingkat (present jadi past, past jadi past perfect  dalam indirect tidak berlaku perfect tense)

Example:
 D : “I buy a book” she said
     I : She said that she bought a book
 D : “I bought a book yesterday” she said
     I : She said she had bought a book the day before
 D : “I have bought a book” she said
      I : She said she had bought a book

 D : “Please buy a book” she said
      I : She told me to buy a book
 D : Don’t buy a book!” she said
     I : She told me not to buy a book

 D : “Do you buy a book?” she asked
     I : She asked if/whether I bought a book
 D : “What book did you buy?” she asked
     I : She wanted to know what book I had bought


Conditional IF (pengandaian)

A. Type I
Kepastian/bisa jadi nyata (menggunakan present tense)

e.g
If I have time, I’ll go to your party

B. Type II
Tidak mungkin terjadi saat itu (menggunakan tense lampau)

- If + (past tense), subject + would/could + verb
- Subject + would/could + verb, If + (past tense)

e.g
If I had the qualification, I would appy for the job
The fact that I don’t have the qualification so it is useless fo me to apply for the job

If I were a president, I would use my prerogative to against RUU pornography ……….. hehe :D *kidding
The fact that I am not a president so I have no that kinda right
NB : tidak dikenal “was”, selalu gunakan “were” untuk semua subjects.


Active and Passive voice

Perubahan kalimat active dan passive berpengaruh pada perubahan fungsi object dan subject serta penggunaan –to be- yang berpengaruh pada kata kerja. Perubahan tersebut tidak merubah bentuk tense dari kalimat awal (e.g lampau tetap lampau). Kalimat passive selalu mengguakan verb 3.

Contoh:
A: Diana buys the white shoes
P: The white shoes are bought by Diana

A: Daddy is repairing my computer
P: my computer is being repaired by Daddy
(penggunaan being untuk continuous tense - sedang terjadi)

A: John did my homework
P: my homework was done by John
(penggunaan -to be- lampau ”was” karna kalimat active dalam bentuk lampau past tense)

A: Ann will paint my house
P: My house will be painted by Ann

A: Mom has washed the plates
P: The plates have been washed by Mom